Names were valuable property. The Plains Indians believed that some
names possessed magical powers. Names could be sold, given away, or discarded
at will. A boy usually took a new name when he reached manhood. A girl typically
kept her name all her life. She did not change her name in any way when she
married.
When the early settlers translated Native names into English, they made
many mistakes. The Plains people, and other tribes across the country, often
found this quite funny. They would use the wrong names in their war preparation
ceremonies, not to ridicule the owner of the name, but to ridicule their
enemy.
Sitting Bull, for example, the great Sioux leader, had his name translated
as "Sitting Bull", because the picture of his name, the hieroglyph, looked
like a bull that was sitting to the early pioneers. But his name was not
Sitting Bull. It was "The Bull in Possession", which has quite a different
meaning.
Another example concerns a young Dakota Sioux warrior. His name was
translated as "Young Man Afraid of His Horses." Actually, his name was "Young
Man Whose Very Horses Are Feared". He was an incredible warrior, with
many feathers.